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Use of Surveys in Extension
for Program Development &
Evaluation
Sarah Baughman, Ph.D. Mike Lambur, Ph.D.
eXtension Virginia Cooperative Extension
Benefits & Challenges
 Quick
 Cost effective
 Simplifies data analysis
 Capabilities/functionality
 Multiple devices
 Intended audience must
have internet access
 Easily sent to spam folder
 Technical difficulties
 Literacy
 Easy to develop “bad”
surveys
Ask what you need to know,
not what is interesting to
know
Developing Sound Questions
Survey questions should be:
Clear
Short
Unbiased
Relevant
Clear Questions
Target the vocabulary and grammar to the
population surveyed
 What was your AGI last year?
Avoid ambiguity, confusion, and vagueness
 What is your income?
 Do you jog regularly?
 Does your company have pension and health
insurance benefits?
 How many years have you been in the program?
 1-2 years
 2-3 years
 3-5 years
Short Questions
Try to keep questions to 20 words or less
Long questions can be intimidating
Travel to other countries has become
increasingly popular recently. Have you ever
traveled to another country? If yes, you might
have traveled to other countries to enjoy the
scenery. How important was the scenery in
deciding to take the trip?
Unbiased Questions
Biased questions contain words or phrases that
lead the respondent to a particular answer
Do you think the new cafeteria provides better
food than the old cafeteria?
Most doctors say that cigarette smoke causes
lung disease for those near a smoker. Do you
agree?
Wouldn’t you like to receive our free brochure?
Relevant Questions
Consider the respondents’ interest in and ability to
answer the questions
Most people do not want to appear uninformed, so
rather than admit to having little or no knowledge
about a question, they are likely to select or
provide a response
Types of Questions
Factual
What respondents’ know
Attitudinal
How respondents’ feel
Behavior
What respondents’ do
Demographic
Who respondents’ are
Question Response Formats
 Close-ended responses
 Mutiple choice
 Must be mutually exclusive
 Must be exhaustive
 Rating scales
 Respondents’ indicate the degree of response to the
question
 Ranking
 Respondents’ indicate, in order, their preference among
a list of responses
Question Response Formats
Open-ended responses
Allow respondents’ to answer in their own words
Unless carefully focused and worded,
respondents’ may provide minimal information
Other Considerations
Long questionnaires get less response than
short questionnaires
Provide a well written cover letter
Give your questionnaire a title that is short and
meaningful to the respondent
Place the most important items in the first part
of the questionnaire
Pay attention to the flow of questions
Try to keep similar questions/topics together
Use page breaks
Make it convenient to respond
So What?
Now what?
Qualtrics Informal Learning
 June 26 – Qualtrics Basics
 July 10 – Panels & Distributing
 July 17 – Reporting
 Ongoing discussion, tips, etc on the Google+ Online Surveys
community
 2PM Eastern Time for all sessions
References
 Websites
 http://www.statpac.com/surveys
 http://www.analytictech.com/mb313/principl.htm
 http://www.qualtrics.com/university/researchsuite/
 Hardcopy
 Dillman, Don. (2007). Mail and internet surveys: The tailored
design method. John Wiley & Sons, Inc: Hoboken, NJ.

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Online survey basics

  • 1. Use of Surveys in Extension for Program Development & Evaluation Sarah Baughman, Ph.D. Mike Lambur, Ph.D. eXtension Virginia Cooperative Extension
  • 2. Benefits & Challenges  Quick  Cost effective  Simplifies data analysis  Capabilities/functionality  Multiple devices  Intended audience must have internet access  Easily sent to spam folder  Technical difficulties  Literacy  Easy to develop “bad” surveys
  • 3. Ask what you need to know, not what is interesting to know
  • 4. Developing Sound Questions Survey questions should be: Clear Short Unbiased Relevant
  • 5. Clear Questions Target the vocabulary and grammar to the population surveyed  What was your AGI last year? Avoid ambiguity, confusion, and vagueness  What is your income?  Do you jog regularly?  Does your company have pension and health insurance benefits?  How many years have you been in the program?  1-2 years  2-3 years  3-5 years
  • 6. Short Questions Try to keep questions to 20 words or less Long questions can be intimidating Travel to other countries has become increasingly popular recently. Have you ever traveled to another country? If yes, you might have traveled to other countries to enjoy the scenery. How important was the scenery in deciding to take the trip?
  • 7. Unbiased Questions Biased questions contain words or phrases that lead the respondent to a particular answer Do you think the new cafeteria provides better food than the old cafeteria? Most doctors say that cigarette smoke causes lung disease for those near a smoker. Do you agree? Wouldn’t you like to receive our free brochure?
  • 8. Relevant Questions Consider the respondents’ interest in and ability to answer the questions Most people do not want to appear uninformed, so rather than admit to having little or no knowledge about a question, they are likely to select or provide a response
  • 9. Types of Questions Factual What respondents’ know Attitudinal How respondents’ feel Behavior What respondents’ do Demographic Who respondents’ are
  • 10. Question Response Formats  Close-ended responses  Mutiple choice  Must be mutually exclusive  Must be exhaustive  Rating scales  Respondents’ indicate the degree of response to the question  Ranking  Respondents’ indicate, in order, their preference among a list of responses
  • 11. Question Response Formats Open-ended responses Allow respondents’ to answer in their own words Unless carefully focused and worded, respondents’ may provide minimal information
  • 12. Other Considerations Long questionnaires get less response than short questionnaires Provide a well written cover letter Give your questionnaire a title that is short and meaningful to the respondent Place the most important items in the first part of the questionnaire Pay attention to the flow of questions Try to keep similar questions/topics together Use page breaks Make it convenient to respond
  • 15. Qualtrics Informal Learning  June 26 – Qualtrics Basics  July 10 – Panels & Distributing  July 17 – Reporting  Ongoing discussion, tips, etc on the Google+ Online Surveys community  2PM Eastern Time for all sessions
  • 16. References  Websites  http://www.statpac.com/surveys  http://www.analytictech.com/mb313/principl.htm  http://www.qualtrics.com/university/researchsuite/  Hardcopy  Dillman, Don. (2007). Mail and internet surveys: The tailored design method. John Wiley & Sons, Inc: Hoboken, NJ.

Editor's Notes

  1. Assuming that survey’s are the best methodology
  2. What is the surveySo what is what you learn from the survey – what is the data telling you
  3. What is the surveySo what is what you learn from the survey – what is the data telling you Now what – what are you going to do with the information?Program Development & Evaluation comes in when you USE the information that you have gathered.