Frits Ogg the windturbines of st helena benefits and impacts balancing of power and power quality with medium size windturbines ddefww
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Frits Ogg the windturbines of st helena benefits and impacts balancing of power and power quality with medium size windturbines ddefww
- 1. WSSW 2014 The windturbines of St. Helena- benefits and impacts, balancing of power and power quality with medium size windturbines 5th World Summit for Small Wind 2014 (WSSW) Frits Ogg O2G Sustainable Energy Solutions The Netherlands Husum 21 march 2014
- 2. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 2 ● St. Helena ● Previous ● New situation ● What is medium size? ● WES, WES Hybrid & BBalancing of power ● Benefits ● Power Quality ● Actual developments Content
- 3. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 3 ©St Helena Tourism Office
- 4. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 4 st. Helena ● Remote Island, South Atlantic Ocean ● 4000 Inhabitants ● Sovereign British territory ● Only accessible by boat – Ascencion, Cape Town ● Boat transport capacity limitated ● Until 2016 (Airport ready) ● Steep and challenging terrain
- 5. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 5 Previous ● 6 Aging diesel generators ● 6 windturbines ● 11 kV distribution network ● Average hourly demand 1 MW ● Maintaining power supply during installation
- 6. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 6 New situation ● Replacing 4 existing generators (3 Cat 3516B & 1 Cat 3508B) ● Extensive control system ● IMC Worldwide – Senergy – Barloworld Power ● New 11 kV switchgear ● More Windturbines ● Dec 2012 system operates reliable, operators trained
- 7. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 7 Medium windturbines ~ 50 kW => ~ 300 kW
- 8. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 8 WES & Windenergy ● 1980 Dutch wind turbine pioneer Henk Lagerwey ● 2003 Lagerwey went out of business ● 2004 Wind Energy Solution (WES) is the owner of Lagerwey’s exclusive rights, drawings and engineering files ● The original Lagerwey LW wind turbine was installed mainly for farmers in the Netherlands. ● WES improved the mechanical control system and replaced power conversion with modern, remote- monitored technology.
- 9. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 9 Hybrid technology
- 10. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 10 Controlling the maximum power output ●Primary Control: based on grid frequency B(Passive pitching) ●Secondary Control: based on communication B(Optical, Ethernet etc.) WES HYBRID CONCEPT Passive Pitching ●Maximum rotor speed limitation ●Reduced power production is possible
- 11. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 11 ●Fly wheel needed to maintain a stable frequency ●Dump load needed to shed the excess energy generated ●Wind power penetration is usually not larger than 30% ●An external power management system is needed to Bcontrol the whole system Conventional System: ●Continuous and Bimmediate output control ●No external management Bsystem, fly wheel and Bdump loads needed ●Excess energy can be Bused to power the diesel Bgenerator WES Hybrid System:
- 12. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 12 Grid Power Balance 1 ● Grid power balance is 50 Hz or 60 Hz ● Higher grid frequency when consumption is less than production ● The Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) of the diesel generator measures the changing grid frequency and will decrease the output ● When the frequency goes beyond its own control boundaries the wind turbine will limit its output ● The wind energy potential at that moment will not be (fully) converted into electricity
- 13. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 13 Grid Power Balance 2 ● Less energy is fed into the grid, the demand and supply will become balanced again and the frequency will decrease ● The reduction of the wind energy supply will continue until the required grid frequency has been reached ● The frequency will drop below the required level when the demand for energy is greater than the diesel generator and the wind turbine can supply at that moment ● When a number of users are suddenly switching on or when the wind speed drops, the diesel generator will automatically inject extra fuel to meet the extra energy demand
- 14. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 14 Benefits & Impact ● Since 1998 three turbines have been operating on the island and can deliver 600.000kWh/year to the local grid. ● During the 15 or so years since these turbines were installed, the use of electricity on the island has doubled. ● Another three turbines were added in 2009. ● WES has now sold another six turbines to the island, that are installed now. The estimated pay- back time for the turbines is 2-4 years. Deadwood plain st.Helena
- 15. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 15 SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) Benefits & Impact 2 ● The diesel station is controlling Bthe maximum power output of Bthe wind turbines ● Up to 60% of the electrical Bpower has been supplied by the Bwind turbines ● With the addition of 6 turbines Bthe target is to reach a wind Bpenetration level of 80% or more Diesel Saving ● 1L Diesel = 36 MJ/l = 10 kWh/l ● Efficiency of diesel gen-set = 30% ● 1L Diesel = 3 kWh ● 1L Diesel = € 1,- ● 1 kWh = € 0,33 ● 1 x WES80 at 18m tower producing about BB200.000 kWh/year = saving about 65.000 l/year
- 16. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 16 Power Quality – harmonics ● Switching electronics cause vulnerabilities on an AC grid = a concerning development ● One of these vulnerabilities are harmonics ● Harmonics are not only produced by PV and Windenergy converters but also by LED drivers, computers and motor control devices ● Harmonics are to be prevented / filtered
- 17. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 17 Actual situation ● Installing 6 new turbines on st. Helena ● Article (Windtech – international) medium turbines ● Actual overview manufacturers medium turbines ● Overview Power balancing systems
- 18. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 18 Actual Situation 2
- 19. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 19 Actual Situation 3
- 20. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 20 Actual Situation 4
- 21. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 21 Actual Situation 5
- 22. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 22 Actual Situation 6
- 23. The windturbines of St. Helena - WSSW 2014 - Frits Ogg 23 Thank you for your attention fritsogg@gmail.com www.o2g.nl @fishfrogg skype: frits.ogg More information: Www.windenergysolutions.nl Www.windtech-international.com Www.sthelenatourism.com Www.sainthelena.gov.com Www.barloworld.com Www.senergy.com Www.small-wind.org/forum Thanks to WES, Barloworld, BigPartnership (Jamie MacDonald) and the tourism office of st.Helena for the help and the pictures. My Ham Radio call is PA2LIA