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SUDAN MEDIA REPORT
Middle East - 2011
Objectives of the Report
   The report aims to analyze the                            This report looks in detail at the
    media coverage of Sudan in the                             coverage metrics, as well as the
    Middle East’s print media. Coverage                        content, including prominence,
    was categorized into ‘Business’,                           tonality, coverage highlights,
    ‘General’, ‘Politics’ and ‘Social’                         business coverage classifications,
    classifications. A total of 20,134                         highlights, trends, tonality and
    articles were covered from                                 countrys’ media sentiments in the
    newspapers and magazines                                   GCC, Egyptian, Jordanian and
    throughout the year 2011.                                  Lebanese media.




© Copyright 2012     Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Call Us: +971 4 368-8444




© Copyright 2012   Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Executive Summary
The Political Environment
   The past year has been a busy year for Sudan. More than six years after signing the
    Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), South Sudan became independent on 9 July
    2011. The Three Protocol Areas thus became part of the front line between the two
    countries, and were the scene of conflict prior to the separation.


   Meanwhile humanitarian access to conflict-affected areas was impeded following the
    departure of the UN Mission in Sudan, which had hitherto supported the implementation
    of the CPA. In June 2011, the Security Council adopted Resolution 1990, calling for the
    establishment of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA). The operation will
    monitor the border between north and south, and protect civilians and humanitarian
    workers.


   In August 2011, Sudan amended its Nationality Act, depriving individuals who acquire
    South Sudanese nationality of their Sudanese nationality. Meanwhile, the return of
    civilians to South Sudan continued with the support of the Governments of Sudan and
    South Sudan as well as the international community. In Darfur, the Doha Peace
    Agreement was signed in July 2011 by the Government and one of the rebel groups.
    The Government also announced a new Peace and Development Strategy for Darfur.

© Copyright 2012                 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Executive Summary
The Coverage
   The mention of Sudan in the GCC, Lebanese, Egyptian and
    Jordanian newspapers and magazines were carefully monitored              General coverage (347 clippings) featured a variety of positive,
    and analyzed in this report. Approximately 18K clippings were             neutral and negative topics with varying volumes of coverage.
    analyzed, classified and tallied, reflecting Sudan’s media presence       Economic factors such as droughts and inflations had an impact on
    in the Arab media in 2011.                                                the general coverage with mentions talking on the public’s
                                                                              discontent or on food aid.
   Political mentions took a significant lead with 12,831 clippings,
                                                                             While there was a respectable amount of positive general coverage
    energized primarily by the referendum and session but also with
                                                                              on various forums of events and participations, it pales in
    news on Sudan’s various conflict zones; Abyei, Darfur, Kordofan           comparison to what it needs to be at to reach a more favorable and
    and Blue Nile State. This great volume of coverage with heavy             positive overall sentiment.
    negative under-tones tilted the tonality of the overall coverage
    towards the negative.                                                    Business mentions (1,617 clippings) were also a variety of positive
                                                                              and negative topics with varying volumes of coverage. It must be
   Social mentions were almost totally absent. While it is to be             noted that there was a very decent volume of positive coverage with
    expected that social mentions find a harder time penetrating              the various deals, projects, new productions and forums of
    foreign walls, having an average of less than ½ an article a month        cooperation with other countries. However, with a decent amount of
    in all the monitored countries seems strikingly low.                      negative coverage, the positive coverage is dimmed.
                                                                             Inflation, currency wars, business impact of political tensions,
                                                                              plummeting of the pound and shortening of the sugar supply, were
                                                                              the dominant negative business topics for the year.
© Copyright 2012                 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Executive Summary
The Breakdown

   Arabic was the favorite language of choice for Politics, Business and Social mentions, while General mentions
    had higher English coverage. Political mentions had the highest ratio of Arabic to English mentions with 5.5:1,
    while Social had a ratio of 4:1 and Business a ratio of 2.8:1. General mentions on the other hand scored a ratio
    of 0.9:1 (English:Arabic). This clearly states that political mentions are almost exclusively for the Arab audience.


   The UAE print media had the highest volume of coverage for Sudan in 2011 with 3,293 clippings, followed by
    Qatar with 2,685 and KSA with 1,696. Jordan had the least mentions of Sudan relative to the monitored
    countries in 2011.


   ‘News & Politics’ was the most common publication genre that featured mentions of Sudan, followed by
    ‘Business’, ‘Lifestyle & General Interest’ and then almost equally by ‘Travel & Tourism’, ‘Oil & Gas’ and
    ‘Communications’ publications. This order is in sync with the actual coverage’s breakdown in terms of Politics,
    Business and General classifications.


© Copyright 2012                     Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Executive Summary
The Countries
   The UAE, Qatari and KSA media showed the highest interest in Sudan’s
    affairs with high volume neutral-sentiment coverage, featuring both the
    good and the bad. KSA, however scored the highest ratio of negative to
    positive topics in the year while the UAE scored the 2 nd highest negative
    to positive topics ratio. Despite that, the UAE media scored the 2 nd most
    favorable negative to positive volume of coverage ratio of 3.5:1. Qatar,
                                                                                     The Bahraini and Omani media scored comparable negative to positive
    on the other hand, scored the most favorable ratios in terms of topics
                                                                                      topics’ ratios, but a deeper look at the tonality volume of coverage puts
    and volume of coverage with 4.16:1 and 1.27:1, respectively.
                                                                                      Bahrain as the 2nd most favorable with 2.8:1, while Oman was the 2 nd
   The Egyptian and Jordanian media featured the least amount of                     least favorable with a ratio of 10.1:1 (Negative:Positive) volume of
    coverage for Sudan in 2011. The Egyptian media is likely excused for its          coverage. This indicates a higher propensity for Bahrain to feature
    preoccupation with local affairs. Interestingly, the Jordanian media              positive mentions of Sudan
    scored the 2nd most favorable negative to positive topics ratio with 4.4:1.
                                                                                     The Lebanese media was most interesting, with a volume of coverage
   . Kuwait had a relatively high volume of coverage that was well                   that exceeds Jordan and Egypt. Lebanon was the absolute least
    diversified, and stayed in the middle, relatively, in terms of the ratios.        favorable to Sudan with a ratio of 15.6:1 (Negative:Positive) volume of
    Business relations with Kuwait, such as with Zain, keep the Kuwaiti               coverage. That, along with sarcastic negative choice of coverage as in
    media interested in Sudanese affairs but coverage on this relationship            the case of the article on Sudan’s railway running out of steam, there
    remains relatively low.                                                           seems to be a more defined negative sentiment from Lebanon relative to
                                                                                      the other countries, which seemed primarily passive and in some cases
                                                                                      positive.

© Copyright 2012                      Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Executive Summary
The Sentiments
   The year 2011 is an exceptionally busy year. Analysis and gauging of media sentiment should be continuous. As the
    year began with the referendum, it created with it the theme of the year. The theme is political and economic troubles
    for the north.


   It seems evident that the GCC media, especially the UAE, Qatar, KSA and Kuwait media are receptive, with interest in
    affairs in Sudan, judging not only from the sheer volumes of coverage but also from the diversity of categories and
    topics. If Sudan is to boost more positive coverage, it will do well to utilize those media heavily.


   The Omani and Jordanian media seemed very passive, mentioning Sudan only when necessary, yet no negative
    sentiment is especially felt from those two countries. A boost in positive coverage might stimulate better relations and
    economic cooperation.


   The Lebanese media is one in need of a change of perception of Sudan, if it is to start having a more balanced
    sentiment. The Egyptian media, while also penetrating the common negative topics, yet featured a variety of positive
    topics, indicating a general positive sentiment.
© Copyright 2012                     Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Executive Summary
The Conclusion


   Sudan is a country in dire need of a major regional shift in media image. Negative topics and coverage exceed
    positive in folds. The variety of negative topics on its own is likely to have a profound impact on its image in the region.


   This data should be utilized to focus on weak areas, such as politics. With various political operations attaining
    positive coverage, establishing network with journalists in the region and boosting forums of cooperation with regional
    countries, the positive image might surface again.


   It might be far-fetched to say, but the absence of social mentions might give clue to the negative overtones in the
    other categories. Sudan suffers from a very negative media image across the region with varying degrees. It needs to
    be engaged in various activities to combat that, and particularly in the media field.



© Copyright 2012                      Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Email: contact@mediastow.com




© Copyright 2012   Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Facets of Coverage
Metrics & Penetrations
Facets of Coverage
Business
clippings took
the lead,
followed by
General and
Social. July
and
December
were peak
months.

© Copyright 2012   Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Facets of Coverage
May and July
2011
witnessed
two peaks for
Business
mentions, as
the gap
between
Business and
General OTS
widen further.



© Copyright 2012   Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Facets of Coverage
April, July,
October and
December
2011 show
an overall
increase in
newspaper
coverage
size for
Business and
General
mentions.


© Copyright 2012   Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Facets of Coverage
May and
August 2011
were the peaks
for Business
mentions while
May, July and
September
were the
magazine
coverage
peaks for
General
mentions.

© Copyright 2012   Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Penetrations
Arabic was
the popular
choice for
language,
followed by
English.
French came
in 3rd place,
particularly
for Politics
mentions.


© Copyright 2012   Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Penetrations
The UAE, Qatar
and Kuwait were
the most
‘talkative’
countries. The
UAE had a
significant lead
in terms of
General
mentions, while
Egypt had the
smallest ratios
of non-political
mentions of
Sudan.


© Copyright 2012   Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Penetrations
News &
Politics was
by far the
most
common
publication
genre with
mentions of
Sudan in
2011,
followed by
Business,
Lifestyle &
General
Interest.
© Copyright 2012   Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Follow Us: @mediastow




© Copyright 2012   Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Content Analysis
Tonality & Country Sentiment
Sentiment Analysis




© Copyright 2012   Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Sentiment Analysis




© Copyright 2012   Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Sentiment Analysis
BAHRAIN                                        Business
                                               Coverage




Bahrain featured a total of 879 clippings with mentions of Sudan in 2011. The vast
majority of the coverage was classified as ‘Politics’, due primarily to the
referendum. Bahrain also penetrated 1 ‘Social’ clipping, 35 ‘General’ clippings and
67 ‘Business’ clippings. In terms of topics, Bahrain had a ratio of 4.9:1 negative to
positive, but in terms of volume of coverage, it scored a ratio of 2.8:1, negative to
positive coverage.

© Copyright 2012      Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Sentiment Analysis
EGYPT                                             Business
                                                  Coverage




Egypt featured a total of 951 clippings with mentions of Sudan throughout 2011. Common to
all countries in 2011, the negative topics exceeded the positive ones. However, it must be
noted that Egypt did not feature as many negative topics as the GCC countries have. Political
mentions took complete dominance in terms of the negative topics, while positive mentions
varied, but did not contain a unique positive topic, or a topic only penetrated in the Egyptian
media. A prominent headline unique to the Egyptian media is on the suspension of the rail link
between Sudan and Egypt. Egypt scored a ratio of 5:1 negative to positive topics and a ratio
of 4.25:1 negative to positive volume of coverage.
© Copyright 2012         Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Sentiment Analysis
JORDAN                                         Business
                                               Coverage




The Jordan media produced the lowest results with only 432 clippings. The negative
topics featured the common negative topics across all countries; north and south
tensions, clashes and conflicts in the various regions of Sudan and negative currency
updates. However, unlike the case of Egypt where the suspension of the rail link project
was a prominent headline, Jordan did not feature any unique negative or positive topics.
Jordan scored a ratio of 4.4:1 negative to positive topics and a ratio of 6.2:1 negative to
positive volume of coverage.
© Copyright 2012      Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Sentiment Analysis
KSA                                              Business
                                                 Coverage




KSA media featured 1,696, ranking 4th. KSA featured a very large array of negative topics on
Sudan throughout 2011. The only truly unique topic is a positive one and its on the Bank of Sudan
loosening restrictions on foreign exchange. Another topic that was only featured in a couple of
countries including KSA was on talks on introducing full-fledged Sharia law. In addition to the
common negative topics, KSA media featured other negative topics such as on various protests
in Khartoum and police reaction. The IMF report and the Mini Kaaba were also prominent topic
topics in the KSA media. The KSA media scored a ratio of 6.5:1 negative to positive topics and a
ratio of 4.6:1 negative to positive volume of coverage.
© Copyright 2012        Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Sentiment Analysis
KUWAIT                                            Business
                                                  Coverage




Kuwait ranked 3rd with an impressive 1,951 clippings with mentions of Sudan throughout the
monitored year. Interestingly unique topics in the Kuwait media were non political, numbering only
2, the first is on Sudatel retreating in Q1 earnings and the other was on Shandi city being added
to the Arab Cities Organization in Kuwait. Another unique topic was on the Sudanese Women
Association holding a ceremony in Kuwait. Kuwait did not feature any unique negative topics, but
had a decent share. Kuwait scored a ratio of 4.7:1 negative to positive topics and a ratio of 4:1
negative to positive volume of coverage.

© Copyright 2012         Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Sentiment Analysis
LEBANON                                           Business
                                                  Coverage




The Lebanese media featured a greater volume of negative topics relative to Egypt and Jordan. The
only truly unique topic was on Sudan’s railway running out of steam. Lebanon featured a total of 1,064
clippings, which earns interest, since it has featured greater volume of coverage, relative not only to
Egypt and Jordan but also to Bahrain and Oman. Positive topics were all common, but in terms of
negative topics, there seemed to be a trend whereby Western or UN statements, which are mainly not
favorable to the Sudanese government were always covered in the Lebanese media. The Lebanese
media scored a ratio of 5:1 negative to positive topics and an astounding 15.6:1 negative to positive
volume of coverage, ranking 1st in terms of ratio of negative volume of coverage.
© Copyright 2012         Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Sentiment Analysis
OMAN                                           Business
                                               Coverage




Oman’s coverage consisted of 1,044 clippings in 2011. Oman did not feature any
unique or semi-unique topics in the year, rather picking up mainly on the most
prominent news on Sudan, which was primarily political and negative in nature.
Positive topics also covered only the basic common topics across the board. Oman
scored a ratio of 5.3:1 negative to positive topics and a ratio of 10.1:1 negative to
positive volume of coverage displaying a very large ratio of negative coverage,
ranking just after Lebanon.
© Copyright 2012      Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Sentiment Analysis
QATAR                                                    Business
                                                         Coverage




Qatar featured a total of 2,885 clippings, ranking 2nd relative to the monitored countries for the purpose of this report in the
year 2011. The Qatari media seemed to take on every news on Sudan that is mentioned anywhere. The overall tonality of
the Qatari media can not be deduced solely on the ratio of positive to negative topics in the year, as Qatar penetrated a
large volume of both negative and positive, reflecting a rather neutral yet highly informative standpoint. This might be the
case for most of the countries, but with more evidence in the Qatari media than most. The only truly unique topic was on
Sudan’s participation in the Volleyball Communities League. Qatar also featured semi-unique messages (those shared
only with one other country), such as Sudan’s Olympic team training in Bahrain and on Khartoum Music Festival. Qatar
scored a ratio of 4.16:1 negative to positive topics and a ratio of 1.27:1 negative to positive volume of coverage displaying
the most favorable ratio of negative to positive coverage for Sudan in 2011.

© Copyright 2012              Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Sentiment Analysis
UAE                                                     Business
                                                        Coverage




UAE ranked 1st in terms of volume of coverage with mentions of Sudan throughout 2011. Unique topics in the UAE
media include the impact on Sudan’s economy due to the relations between USA and China. Other unique topics
included Sudan’s 35.5% GDP cut due to the loss of the South, on sugar supply plummeting and on property prices
hiking in downtown Khartoum, as well as on property prices stabilizing. The UAE media displayed the same general
theme as the Qatari media with its high volume neutral-stand coverage of Sudan. One can almost predict that if it
weren’t for the referendum and the split of the south, the positive and negative ratios would be significantly altered.
The UAE scored a ratio of 5.17:1 negative to positive topics and a ratio of 3.5:1 negative to positive volume of
coverage, ranking 2nd in terms of favorable coverage ratio.

© Copyright 2012              Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Call Us: +971 4 368-8444




© Copyright 2012   Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Methodology
Methodology
Coverage Scope/Breakdown

The coverage of mentions of Sudan were monitored in the year 2011 from GCC, Egypt, Jordan and Lebanon media.
Those clippings were then sorted and filtered to include only relevant mentions of Sudan. The coverage was then further
classified into 4 main categories; Politics, Business, General and Social. All actual clippings are stored in a searchable
digital archive.

Politics Coverage

Politics coverage was classified by exact highlight summary of the respective mention of ‘Sudan’ in context of the article.
Those highlights were then sorted and grouped for cases where a general topic fits for the thousands of articles. This is
done for a number of considerations.

The differences are often very subtle. Different angles but same overall topic. To list all variations will create data that is
hard to analyze. Various updates within the same topic are also sorted for analysis purposes


© Copyright 2012               Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Methodology
The groupings for the ‘Politics’ coverage were for:

North and South Conflict
Referendum News/Updates
North and South Split
Clashes in Abyei
Clashes in Darfur
Conflict in Blue Nile State
Conflict in Kordofan
Doha Peace Document




© Copyright 2012              Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Methodology
Business Coverage

Business coverage was grouped into 4 categories and then further classified into exact highlight for each of the
categories.

Macro-Business: All clippings pertaining to a macro-business nature in Sudan are grouped in this category. This includes
primarily industry and sector news or news with large-scale impact.
Micro-Business. All clippings pertaining to a micro-business nature in Sudan are grouped in this category. This includes
company-specific and small-scale impact coverage.
International. All clippings pertaining to an International business nature are grouped in this category. This includes
imports, exports, multinational corporations, foreign investments and other business articles that involve other countries.
Government. All clippings pertaining to government involvement in the economy or business of Sudan are grouped in this
category. This includes economic aid, government projects, deals and business or economic policies.




© Copyright 2012             Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
Methodology
General & Social

General and social coverage were analyzed by taking the root message the article is saying about Sudan from a general
or social context. Their coverage did not require the same type of grouping or sub-classification as political and business
mentions required.

Metrics

Once the coverage was filtered, grouped and sorted, metrics were tallies. These metrics included the volume of coverage,
OTS (Opportunities To See), NCS (Newspaper Coverage Size), MCS (Magazine Coverage Size), penetrations (language,
country, genre and media type), as well as volume of coverage per tonality, topic or country.

Highlights

The highlights or content are broken down in a number of ways, depending on the objective of the analysis. Breaking
down the content by annual quarters and category, helps see the evolution of coverage with time. The breakdown of the
content by country enables filtering out each country’s media sentiment and focus. The breakdown of the content by
category enables one to see how each category did on its own.
© Copyright 2012             Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)

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Sudan Media Report 2011 - Middle East

  • 2. Objectives of the Report  The report aims to analyze the  This report looks in detail at the media coverage of Sudan in the coverage metrics, as well as the Middle East’s print media. Coverage content, including prominence, was categorized into ‘Business’, tonality, coverage highlights, ‘General’, ‘Politics’ and ‘Social’ business coverage classifications, classifications. A total of 20,134 highlights, trends, tonality and articles were covered from countrys’ media sentiments in the newspapers and magazines GCC, Egyptian, Jordanian and throughout the year 2011. Lebanese media. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 3. Call Us: +971 4 368-8444 © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 4. Executive Summary The Political Environment  The past year has been a busy year for Sudan. More than six years after signing the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), South Sudan became independent on 9 July 2011. The Three Protocol Areas thus became part of the front line between the two countries, and were the scene of conflict prior to the separation.  Meanwhile humanitarian access to conflict-affected areas was impeded following the departure of the UN Mission in Sudan, which had hitherto supported the implementation of the CPA. In June 2011, the Security Council adopted Resolution 1990, calling for the establishment of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA). The operation will monitor the border between north and south, and protect civilians and humanitarian workers.  In August 2011, Sudan amended its Nationality Act, depriving individuals who acquire South Sudanese nationality of their Sudanese nationality. Meanwhile, the return of civilians to South Sudan continued with the support of the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan as well as the international community. In Darfur, the Doha Peace Agreement was signed in July 2011 by the Government and one of the rebel groups. The Government also announced a new Peace and Development Strategy for Darfur. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 5. Executive Summary The Coverage  The mention of Sudan in the GCC, Lebanese, Egyptian and Jordanian newspapers and magazines were carefully monitored  General coverage (347 clippings) featured a variety of positive, and analyzed in this report. Approximately 18K clippings were neutral and negative topics with varying volumes of coverage. analyzed, classified and tallied, reflecting Sudan’s media presence Economic factors such as droughts and inflations had an impact on in the Arab media in 2011. the general coverage with mentions talking on the public’s discontent or on food aid.  Political mentions took a significant lead with 12,831 clippings,  While there was a respectable amount of positive general coverage energized primarily by the referendum and session but also with on various forums of events and participations, it pales in news on Sudan’s various conflict zones; Abyei, Darfur, Kordofan comparison to what it needs to be at to reach a more favorable and and Blue Nile State. This great volume of coverage with heavy positive overall sentiment. negative under-tones tilted the tonality of the overall coverage towards the negative.  Business mentions (1,617 clippings) were also a variety of positive and negative topics with varying volumes of coverage. It must be  Social mentions were almost totally absent. While it is to be noted that there was a very decent volume of positive coverage with expected that social mentions find a harder time penetrating the various deals, projects, new productions and forums of foreign walls, having an average of less than ½ an article a month cooperation with other countries. However, with a decent amount of in all the monitored countries seems strikingly low. negative coverage, the positive coverage is dimmed.  Inflation, currency wars, business impact of political tensions, plummeting of the pound and shortening of the sugar supply, were the dominant negative business topics for the year. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 6. Executive Summary The Breakdown  Arabic was the favorite language of choice for Politics, Business and Social mentions, while General mentions had higher English coverage. Political mentions had the highest ratio of Arabic to English mentions with 5.5:1, while Social had a ratio of 4:1 and Business a ratio of 2.8:1. General mentions on the other hand scored a ratio of 0.9:1 (English:Arabic). This clearly states that political mentions are almost exclusively for the Arab audience.  The UAE print media had the highest volume of coverage for Sudan in 2011 with 3,293 clippings, followed by Qatar with 2,685 and KSA with 1,696. Jordan had the least mentions of Sudan relative to the monitored countries in 2011.  ‘News & Politics’ was the most common publication genre that featured mentions of Sudan, followed by ‘Business’, ‘Lifestyle & General Interest’ and then almost equally by ‘Travel & Tourism’, ‘Oil & Gas’ and ‘Communications’ publications. This order is in sync with the actual coverage’s breakdown in terms of Politics, Business and General classifications. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 7. Executive Summary The Countries  The UAE, Qatari and KSA media showed the highest interest in Sudan’s affairs with high volume neutral-sentiment coverage, featuring both the good and the bad. KSA, however scored the highest ratio of negative to positive topics in the year while the UAE scored the 2 nd highest negative to positive topics ratio. Despite that, the UAE media scored the 2 nd most favorable negative to positive volume of coverage ratio of 3.5:1. Qatar,  The Bahraini and Omani media scored comparable negative to positive on the other hand, scored the most favorable ratios in terms of topics topics’ ratios, but a deeper look at the tonality volume of coverage puts and volume of coverage with 4.16:1 and 1.27:1, respectively. Bahrain as the 2nd most favorable with 2.8:1, while Oman was the 2 nd  The Egyptian and Jordanian media featured the least amount of least favorable with a ratio of 10.1:1 (Negative:Positive) volume of coverage for Sudan in 2011. The Egyptian media is likely excused for its coverage. This indicates a higher propensity for Bahrain to feature preoccupation with local affairs. Interestingly, the Jordanian media positive mentions of Sudan scored the 2nd most favorable negative to positive topics ratio with 4.4:1.  The Lebanese media was most interesting, with a volume of coverage  . Kuwait had a relatively high volume of coverage that was well that exceeds Jordan and Egypt. Lebanon was the absolute least diversified, and stayed in the middle, relatively, in terms of the ratios. favorable to Sudan with a ratio of 15.6:1 (Negative:Positive) volume of Business relations with Kuwait, such as with Zain, keep the Kuwaiti coverage. That, along with sarcastic negative choice of coverage as in media interested in Sudanese affairs but coverage on this relationship the case of the article on Sudan’s railway running out of steam, there remains relatively low. seems to be a more defined negative sentiment from Lebanon relative to the other countries, which seemed primarily passive and in some cases positive. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 8. Executive Summary The Sentiments  The year 2011 is an exceptionally busy year. Analysis and gauging of media sentiment should be continuous. As the year began with the referendum, it created with it the theme of the year. The theme is political and economic troubles for the north.  It seems evident that the GCC media, especially the UAE, Qatar, KSA and Kuwait media are receptive, with interest in affairs in Sudan, judging not only from the sheer volumes of coverage but also from the diversity of categories and topics. If Sudan is to boost more positive coverage, it will do well to utilize those media heavily.  The Omani and Jordanian media seemed very passive, mentioning Sudan only when necessary, yet no negative sentiment is especially felt from those two countries. A boost in positive coverage might stimulate better relations and economic cooperation.  The Lebanese media is one in need of a change of perception of Sudan, if it is to start having a more balanced sentiment. The Egyptian media, while also penetrating the common negative topics, yet featured a variety of positive topics, indicating a general positive sentiment. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 9. Executive Summary The Conclusion  Sudan is a country in dire need of a major regional shift in media image. Negative topics and coverage exceed positive in folds. The variety of negative topics on its own is likely to have a profound impact on its image in the region.  This data should be utilized to focus on weak areas, such as politics. With various political operations attaining positive coverage, establishing network with journalists in the region and boosting forums of cooperation with regional countries, the positive image might surface again.  It might be far-fetched to say, but the absence of social mentions might give clue to the negative overtones in the other categories. Sudan suffers from a very negative media image across the region with varying degrees. It needs to be engaged in various activities to combat that, and particularly in the media field. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 10. Email: contact@mediastow.com © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 11. Facets of Coverage Metrics & Penetrations
  • 12. Facets of Coverage Business clippings took the lead, followed by General and Social. July and December were peak months. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 13. Facets of Coverage May and July 2011 witnessed two peaks for Business mentions, as the gap between Business and General OTS widen further. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 14. Facets of Coverage April, July, October and December 2011 show an overall increase in newspaper coverage size for Business and General mentions. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 15. Facets of Coverage May and August 2011 were the peaks for Business mentions while May, July and September were the magazine coverage peaks for General mentions. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 16. Penetrations Arabic was the popular choice for language, followed by English. French came in 3rd place, particularly for Politics mentions. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 17. Penetrations The UAE, Qatar and Kuwait were the most ‘talkative’ countries. The UAE had a significant lead in terms of General mentions, while Egypt had the smallest ratios of non-political mentions of Sudan. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 18. Penetrations News & Politics was by far the most common publication genre with mentions of Sudan in 2011, followed by Business, Lifestyle & General Interest. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 19. Follow Us: @mediastow © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 20. Content Analysis Tonality & Country Sentiment
  • 21. Sentiment Analysis © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 22. Sentiment Analysis © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 23. Sentiment Analysis BAHRAIN Business Coverage Bahrain featured a total of 879 clippings with mentions of Sudan in 2011. The vast majority of the coverage was classified as ‘Politics’, due primarily to the referendum. Bahrain also penetrated 1 ‘Social’ clipping, 35 ‘General’ clippings and 67 ‘Business’ clippings. In terms of topics, Bahrain had a ratio of 4.9:1 negative to positive, but in terms of volume of coverage, it scored a ratio of 2.8:1, negative to positive coverage. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 24. Sentiment Analysis EGYPT Business Coverage Egypt featured a total of 951 clippings with mentions of Sudan throughout 2011. Common to all countries in 2011, the negative topics exceeded the positive ones. However, it must be noted that Egypt did not feature as many negative topics as the GCC countries have. Political mentions took complete dominance in terms of the negative topics, while positive mentions varied, but did not contain a unique positive topic, or a topic only penetrated in the Egyptian media. A prominent headline unique to the Egyptian media is on the suspension of the rail link between Sudan and Egypt. Egypt scored a ratio of 5:1 negative to positive topics and a ratio of 4.25:1 negative to positive volume of coverage. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 25. Sentiment Analysis JORDAN Business Coverage The Jordan media produced the lowest results with only 432 clippings. The negative topics featured the common negative topics across all countries; north and south tensions, clashes and conflicts in the various regions of Sudan and negative currency updates. However, unlike the case of Egypt where the suspension of the rail link project was a prominent headline, Jordan did not feature any unique negative or positive topics. Jordan scored a ratio of 4.4:1 negative to positive topics and a ratio of 6.2:1 negative to positive volume of coverage. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 26. Sentiment Analysis KSA Business Coverage KSA media featured 1,696, ranking 4th. KSA featured a very large array of negative topics on Sudan throughout 2011. The only truly unique topic is a positive one and its on the Bank of Sudan loosening restrictions on foreign exchange. Another topic that was only featured in a couple of countries including KSA was on talks on introducing full-fledged Sharia law. In addition to the common negative topics, KSA media featured other negative topics such as on various protests in Khartoum and police reaction. The IMF report and the Mini Kaaba were also prominent topic topics in the KSA media. The KSA media scored a ratio of 6.5:1 negative to positive topics and a ratio of 4.6:1 negative to positive volume of coverage. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 27. Sentiment Analysis KUWAIT Business Coverage Kuwait ranked 3rd with an impressive 1,951 clippings with mentions of Sudan throughout the monitored year. Interestingly unique topics in the Kuwait media were non political, numbering only 2, the first is on Sudatel retreating in Q1 earnings and the other was on Shandi city being added to the Arab Cities Organization in Kuwait. Another unique topic was on the Sudanese Women Association holding a ceremony in Kuwait. Kuwait did not feature any unique negative topics, but had a decent share. Kuwait scored a ratio of 4.7:1 negative to positive topics and a ratio of 4:1 negative to positive volume of coverage. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 28. Sentiment Analysis LEBANON Business Coverage The Lebanese media featured a greater volume of negative topics relative to Egypt and Jordan. The only truly unique topic was on Sudan’s railway running out of steam. Lebanon featured a total of 1,064 clippings, which earns interest, since it has featured greater volume of coverage, relative not only to Egypt and Jordan but also to Bahrain and Oman. Positive topics were all common, but in terms of negative topics, there seemed to be a trend whereby Western or UN statements, which are mainly not favorable to the Sudanese government were always covered in the Lebanese media. The Lebanese media scored a ratio of 5:1 negative to positive topics and an astounding 15.6:1 negative to positive volume of coverage, ranking 1st in terms of ratio of negative volume of coverage. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 29. Sentiment Analysis OMAN Business Coverage Oman’s coverage consisted of 1,044 clippings in 2011. Oman did not feature any unique or semi-unique topics in the year, rather picking up mainly on the most prominent news on Sudan, which was primarily political and negative in nature. Positive topics also covered only the basic common topics across the board. Oman scored a ratio of 5.3:1 negative to positive topics and a ratio of 10.1:1 negative to positive volume of coverage displaying a very large ratio of negative coverage, ranking just after Lebanon. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 30. Sentiment Analysis QATAR Business Coverage Qatar featured a total of 2,885 clippings, ranking 2nd relative to the monitored countries for the purpose of this report in the year 2011. The Qatari media seemed to take on every news on Sudan that is mentioned anywhere. The overall tonality of the Qatari media can not be deduced solely on the ratio of positive to negative topics in the year, as Qatar penetrated a large volume of both negative and positive, reflecting a rather neutral yet highly informative standpoint. This might be the case for most of the countries, but with more evidence in the Qatari media than most. The only truly unique topic was on Sudan’s participation in the Volleyball Communities League. Qatar also featured semi-unique messages (those shared only with one other country), such as Sudan’s Olympic team training in Bahrain and on Khartoum Music Festival. Qatar scored a ratio of 4.16:1 negative to positive topics and a ratio of 1.27:1 negative to positive volume of coverage displaying the most favorable ratio of negative to positive coverage for Sudan in 2011. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 31. Sentiment Analysis UAE Business Coverage UAE ranked 1st in terms of volume of coverage with mentions of Sudan throughout 2011. Unique topics in the UAE media include the impact on Sudan’s economy due to the relations between USA and China. Other unique topics included Sudan’s 35.5% GDP cut due to the loss of the South, on sugar supply plummeting and on property prices hiking in downtown Khartoum, as well as on property prices stabilizing. The UAE media displayed the same general theme as the Qatari media with its high volume neutral-stand coverage of Sudan. One can almost predict that if it weren’t for the referendum and the split of the south, the positive and negative ratios would be significantly altered. The UAE scored a ratio of 5.17:1 negative to positive topics and a ratio of 3.5:1 negative to positive volume of coverage, ranking 2nd in terms of favorable coverage ratio. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 32. Call Us: +971 4 368-8444 © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 34. Methodology Coverage Scope/Breakdown The coverage of mentions of Sudan were monitored in the year 2011 from GCC, Egypt, Jordan and Lebanon media. Those clippings were then sorted and filtered to include only relevant mentions of Sudan. The coverage was then further classified into 4 main categories; Politics, Business, General and Social. All actual clippings are stored in a searchable digital archive. Politics Coverage Politics coverage was classified by exact highlight summary of the respective mention of ‘Sudan’ in context of the article. Those highlights were then sorted and grouped for cases where a general topic fits for the thousands of articles. This is done for a number of considerations. The differences are often very subtle. Different angles but same overall topic. To list all variations will create data that is hard to analyze. Various updates within the same topic are also sorted for analysis purposes © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 35. Methodology The groupings for the ‘Politics’ coverage were for: North and South Conflict Referendum News/Updates North and South Split Clashes in Abyei Clashes in Darfur Conflict in Blue Nile State Conflict in Kordofan Doha Peace Document © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 36. Methodology Business Coverage Business coverage was grouped into 4 categories and then further classified into exact highlight for each of the categories. Macro-Business: All clippings pertaining to a macro-business nature in Sudan are grouped in this category. This includes primarily industry and sector news or news with large-scale impact. Micro-Business. All clippings pertaining to a micro-business nature in Sudan are grouped in this category. This includes company-specific and small-scale impact coverage. International. All clippings pertaining to an International business nature are grouped in this category. This includes imports, exports, multinational corporations, foreign investments and other business articles that involve other countries. Government. All clippings pertaining to government involvement in the economy or business of Sudan are grouped in this category. This includes economic aid, government projects, deals and business or economic policies. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)
  • 37. Methodology General & Social General and social coverage were analyzed by taking the root message the article is saying about Sudan from a general or social context. Their coverage did not require the same type of grouping or sub-classification as political and business mentions required. Metrics Once the coverage was filtered, grouped and sorted, metrics were tallies. These metrics included the volume of coverage, OTS (Opportunities To See), NCS (Newspaper Coverage Size), MCS (Magazine Coverage Size), penetrations (language, country, genre and media type), as well as volume of coverage per tonality, topic or country. Highlights The highlights or content are broken down in a number of ways, depending on the objective of the analysis. Breaking down the content by annual quarters and category, helps see the evolution of coverage with time. The breakdown of the content by country enables filtering out each country’s media sentiment and focus. The breakdown of the content by category enables one to see how each category did on its own. © Copyright 2012 Sudan Media Report – Middle East (2011)