Small Python Tools for Software Release Engineering

Small Python Tools for
Software Release
Engineering
Scott Wang a.k.a. lunastorm

Self Introduction

• 學C++起家
• 偶爾慣Ｃ
• 結果工作都用Java
• 常常偷懶只寫shell script
• Python??

Release Engineering
• “a sub-discipline in software engineering
concerned with the compilation, assembly,
and delivery of source code into ﬁnished
products or other software components.”
-- Wikipedia
• 對我來說
• 把code寫好放到production上跑

Version Control
出build
寫code
測試

$$$$$

http://aws.amazon.com/

Local LAB
installed with XenServer

開VM 砍VM

關VM 複製
搬VM VM
XenCenter

Yum 
Repo

Local LAB
installed with XenServer

路遙知馬力
日久見人辛
Admin becomes the bottleneck!

外商 
外商 
菜比八 
小Leader

包RPM試試東西做好了

找個乾淨機 Production
器裝看看 VM嗎?

我包的RPM 等了一天終
你測一下於搞定

“Cloud Computing”
Deﬁnition by NIST
• On-demand self-service
• A consumer can unilaterally provision
computing capabilities, such as server
time and network storage, as needed
automatically without requiring human
interaction with each service’s provider.

“Cloud Computing”
Deﬁnition by NIST

• Rapid elasticity
• Capabilities can be rapidly and elastically
provisioned, in some cases automatically,
to scale rapidly outward and inward
commensurate with demand.

「真男人 / 女人不需
要桌面環境！！」

How to automate this?

Xen Management API
• Java and Python binding

• Using Java binding

• 要compile，麻煩

• Using Python binding

• Trial and error in the interpreter ﬁrst (勝)

http://docs.vmd.citrix.com/XenServer/6.0.0/1.0/en_gb/api/

Give Me VM!
• Objective

• Create a temporary VM for testing by self
service

• Login into it automatically

• Destroy it when the testing is ﬁnished

準備作業

• Install a Para-Virtualized VM
• Install Xen Tools in the VM
• Will report IP via XenBus to XenServer
• Convert the VM to a template

Report 
IP

https://community.emc.com/servlet/JiveServlet/showImage/38-3466-30315/Xen.png

動作分解

• 第一動
• import XenAPI
• XenAPI.py can be downloaded from
XenServer SDKs
• Actually a XML-RPC wrapper inside

第二動

• Create XenAPI session
• session = XenAPI.Session("http://master")
• session.xenapi.login_with_password("user
name", "password")

第三動

• Create a VM from a template
• template =
session.xenapi.VM.get_by_name_label(vm_label)
[0]

• name = "spot-" + str(time.time()).replace(".","")

• new = session.xenapi.VM.clone(template, name)

第四動

• Provision and start VM
• session.xenapi.VM.provision(new)

• session.xenapi.VM.start(new, False, False)

Waiting for IP
retry_count = 0 
while retry_count < MAX_RETRIES: 
try: 
retry_count = retry_count + 1 
metric = session.xenapi.VM_guest_metrics. 
get_record(session.xenapi.VM.get_record 
(new)['guest_metrics']) 
ip = metric['networks']['0/ip'] 
break 
except: 
print "Waiting for IP information..." 
time.sleep(5)

Waiting for SSHd
retry_count = 0 
while retry_count < MAX_RETRIES: 
try: 
retry_count = retry_count + 1 
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,  
socket.SOCK_STREAM); 
sock.connect((ip, 22)) 
sock.close() 
break 
except: 
print "Waiting for sshd to come up..." 
time.sleep(5)

Time to Login!
Returns
after
logout
os.system("ssh -i spot_key -o UserKnownHostsFile=/
dev/null -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no root@" + ip)

Garbage Collection
session.xenapi.VM.hard_shutdown(new) 
for vbd in session.xenapi.VM.get_record(new)['VBDs']: 
if session.xenapi.VBD.get_record(vbd)['type'] == 'Disk': 
vdi = session.xenapi.VBD.get_record(vbd)['VDI'] 
session.xenapi.VBD.destroy(vbd) 
session.xenapi.VDI.destroy(vdi) 
else: 
session.xenapi.VBD.destroy(vbd)
session.xenapi.VM.destroy(new)

Admin

山不轉，路轉

Evolution! by @jeffhung
IMAGE_TYPES = [

{ 'key': 'spn-centos53', 'name': 'CentOS 5.3 (Production VM)', 'label': 'SPN-
Production-VM-CentOS-5.3-spot' },

{ 'key': 'spn-centos62', 'name': 'CentOS 6.2 (Production VM)', 'label': 'SPN-
Production-VM-CentOS-6.2-spot' },

{ 'key': 'lucid', 'name': 'Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid)', 'label': 'Ubuntu-10.04-
spot' },

{ 'key': 'myspn', 'name': 'MySPN Dev VM (CentOS 6.2)', 'label': 'tw-
MySPN-devvm' },

]

Supports Non-
interactive Mode
parser = optparse.OptionParser(description="Give me a temporary VM that volatile
when I'm done.")

parser.add_option('-l', dest='list', action='store_true',

help='list available VM image types')

parser.add_option('-t', dest='type', help='VM image type')

parser.add_option('-f', dest='file', action='append',

help='Preload file to VM instance in / folder')

parser.add_option('-i', dest='init',

help='Script for initialize VM instance, default to init.sh if file exist')

parser.add_option('-I', dest='interactive', action='store_true',

help='Run interactively, default enabled if -i not specified')

Automatically Running
Scripts
print 'Preloading file to newly created VM
instance: ', file 
 
os.system("scp -i spot_key -o
UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o
StrictHostKeyChecking=no " + file + " root@" + ip
+ ":/") 
 
os.system("ssh -i spot_key -o
UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o
StrictHostKeyChecking=no root@" + ip + " “ + file)

Automatic Daily
Regression Test
• CI System triggers daily build job

• Daily build artifacts will be sent to Yum repository

• Trigger regression test job

• Automatically creates a new VM

• Execute the test scripts

• Destroy the VM

References
• XenServer SDKs
• http://community.citrix.com/display/xs/
Download+SDKs
• XenAPI Documentation
• http://docs.vmd.citrix.com/XenServer/
6.0.0/1.0/en_gb/api/
• http://downloads.xen.org/Wiki/XenAPI/
xenapi-1.0.6.pdf

# ./give_me_vm.py
Available Image Types: 
1) spn-centos53 : CentOS 5.3 (Production VM) 
2) spn-centos62 : CentOS 6.2 (Production VM) 
3) lucid : Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid) 
4) myspn : MySPN Dev VM (CentOS 6.2) 
Please choose one of the above: 3
Using image type: Ubuntu-10.04-spot 
Will preload ﬁle to VM instance: init.sh 
Creating VM spot-133826046314 from Ubuntu-10.04-spot...
Done! 
Provisioning VM...
Done! 
Starting VM...
Done! 
Waiting for IP information... 
Waiting for IP information...
IP obtained: 10.1.112.84
Preloading ﬁle to newly created VM instance: init.sh 
Warning: Permanently added '10.1.112.84' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. 
init.sh 100% 443 0.4KB/s 00:00  
Done!

Running init.sh... 
Warning: Permanently added '10.1.112.84' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. 
Running init.sh
hello! 
Done! 
Opening SSH connection... 
Warning: Permanently added '10.1.112.84' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Linux localhost 2.6.32-33-server #70-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jul 7 22:28:30 UTC
2011 x86_64 GNU/Linux 
Ubuntu 10.04.3 LTS 
 
Welcome to the Ubuntu Server! 
* Documentation: http://www.ubuntu.com/server/doc 
 
System information as of Tue May 29 11:02:21 CST 2012 
 
System load: 0.55 Processes: 86 
Usage of /: 11.0% of 7.23GB Users logged in: 0 
Memory usage: 9% IP address for eth0: 10.1.112.84 
Swap usage: 0% 
 
Graph this data and manage this system at https://landscape.canonical.com/ 
 
15 packages can be updated. 
9 updates are security updates. 
 
Last login: Fri Feb 24 18:19:24 2012 from 10.1.112.190 
root@localhost:~#

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