Dr. Pasquale Steduto, Deputy Director Land & Water Division Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN. His presentation at The Water Network's event on Efficient Use of Agricultural Water in Zurich on January 23, 2013
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Efficiency and Productivity of Water in Agriculture, Dr. Pasquale Steduto, FAO
1. Efficiency & Productivity
of Water in Agriculture
The conceptual framework
Pasquale STEDUTO
Deputy director
Land & Water Division
FAO, Rome
2. Drinking 2-4
Domestic 40-400
Food 1000-5000
Strong & Inextricable Link
between food and water
Roughly, 1 liter per Kcal
3. • Population growth
• Dietary changes
• Urbanization
• Income
• ………
• Progressive water scarcity (food water)
• Increased climate variability and change
4. Supply side
Expand arable land
Increase intensification
Yield
Increase Higher productivity
(77%)
Cropping
Intensity
Arable Land (14%)
Expansion
(9%)
5. Demand side
Reduce losses and waste
• In post harvest (storage, transport, market)
• At home EU, avg waste
of 179 kg p-1 y-1
Promote sustainable diets
• 1,400 M
overweight
• 400 M obese
6. Bio-fuels
Stocks reduction
Energy costs increase
Recurrent Droughts
………
Conducive to more crop and water
productivity (or water use efficiency)
7. e = out It is a-dimensional It has theoretical
in (input-output same units) limits (0-1)
It implies causality between input and output
8. It has specific units (e.g., Kg m-3)
It has no 0-1 limits
No causality between input and output
20. • World food demand in 2050 = today x 2
• Without increase in water productivity, or a
significant reduction of the demand, water
consumption in 2050 = today + 70-90%
• The World is exposed to a progressive and
critical increase in water scarcity (+ climate
change)
• To respond to the future food demand we
need to act on both supply and demand side
of the food equation
21. • Without a comprehensive view of Y&WP, i.e.,
agronomy, technology, market, economy, etc.
the risks of failures in responses are high
• Assessing Y&WP variability, and related
causes, provides a strong basis for effective
policies and strategies of interventions, for
benchmarking and for monitoring progress
• This will provide better understanding of
what is “manageable” from what is not and
therefore prioritizing the policy measures
and implementation strategies