Managing Cultural Landscapes Collectively
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This document discusses collaborative groups that manage cultural landscapes in Europe. It provides examples of such groups from Germany, the Netherlands, Austria, and the UK. These groups bring together stakeholders from different sectors like farming, conservation, and communities to coordinate landscape management. However, the findings show that some groups have dissolved or become less formalized in recent years due to financial difficulties, lack of support, and changing needs. This lack of resilience for the social subsystems that managed landscapes can negatively impact the resilience of the entire social-ecological system and decrease sustainability and adaptive capacity.
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Managing Cultural Landscapes Collectively
- 1. Collective efforts to manage cultural landscapes - Examples from Europe - Katrin Prager ACES Seminar Series 21-1-2011
- 2. Introduction Cultural landscapes
- 3. Introduction Why investigate collaborative groups? Defining and working towards sustainable landscape management Coordination, contiguous management A group can achieve more than individuals on their own How to evaluate? Who evaluates? If worthwhile – how support? Continuity?
- 4. Introduction Background LandscapePartners project (macaulay.ac.uk/LandscapePartners) Collaborative, community-based natural resource management in Australia (Landcare) Methods desk-based review, telephone inquiries, key informant interviews Approach/ theory Resilience theory
- 5. Resilience Theory System dynamics, social-ecological systems Resilience = the ability of a system to absorb disturbances and to reorganise while undergoing change so as to still retain the same structure and function (Holling, Gunderson, Folke, Walker) One of three responses to disturbance (adaption, transformation) state communities Social system(s) groups economy disturbance Social-ecological system Ecological system(s)
- 6. Resilience Theory Role of social subsystems in social-ecological systems disturbance Local/regional groups Cultural Landscape change Ecological system Habitat management activities, marketing of local foods Horizontal/ vertical coordination between land managers/ authorities Lower transaction costs for policy implementation
- 7. Collaborative groups Focus on cultural landscapes (several components and landuses) Groups with stakeholders from diverse sectors Local or regional level (district, county) DE – Landschaftspflegeverbände (LPV) UK – Farming and Wildlife Advisory Group (FWAG) AU – Distelverein NL – Environmental cooperatives (EC)
- 8. Characteristics of groups I First Structure No of groups No of Area size Staff group in in 2009 people involved Dutch EC 1992 Individual 125 number 10,000 500 ha – Not groups and has increased members 3500 ha available umbrella organisation (NPN) German 1986 independent Approx. 150, 20,000 District About 2 per LPV groups and number has farmers (approx. district = umbrella increased under 1.500 to approx. 290 organisation contract 7.500 km²) (DVL) Austrian 1987 Single group 1, disbanded at Contracting Lower 6 (prior to Distel- without sub- the end of farmers Austria 2009) verein groups 2009 (19.177 km²) FWAG 1969/ Headquarters 40 in ENG/ 10,000 Teams 130 in total, (UK) 1984 and teams WAL, members covering 1-3 22 in disbanded in counties Scotland SCO in 2009 (2009)
- 9. Characteristics of groups II Main sector Other sectors involved Focus Volunteers Dutch EC Emphasis on farmers Administration Integrate nature Less important (approx. 75% management into overall) farming German Emphasis on parity Hunting, tourism, Landscape and important LPV of conservation, fisheries, marketing habitat management, farming, community initiatives sustainable rural councils development Austrian Parity between Communities Maintain biodiversity Very important Distel- conservation, in agricultural verein farming, hunting landscapes FWAG Farming Industry/ commercial 1-1 advice for Very important, (UK) partners, environmental farmers and over 1000 groups and societies landowners on agri- environment issues
- 10. Findings Current situation DE and NL: number of groups stable or increasing UK: FWAG Scotland dissolved but other branches active AU: group dissolved, no replacement Networks continue but less formalised; dispersed and very localised efforts
- 11. Findings Reasons for lack of resilience of social subsystems financial difficulties lack of member/partner support groups no longer needed lack of organisational support structure Implications for resilience of social-ecological system Undesirable changes Decreased adaptive capacity Decreased sustainability
- 12. Thank you !