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How We Used Data to Win
 the Presidential Election
            Dan Siroker

    Email me:        Follow me:
dan@optimizely.com    @dsiroker
Barack Obama
Barack Obama



David Plouffe
Barack Obama



                  David Plouffe



 Correspondence     Field         Policy       Operations
                                                            ...
Communications    New Media       Paid Media      Finance
Barack Obama



                          David Plouffe



   Correspondence           Field         Policy       Operations
                                                                    ...
  Communications      New Media           Paid Media      Finance



Marketing Email    Blog     Analytics Design Video Organizing
Results
Popular Vote               Electoral Vote


         Other (1%)
         1,865,617
                               McCain
                                173
McCain (46%)
                 Obama (53%)
 59,934,814
                  69,456,897
                                              Obama
                                               365




                                        Source: Federal Election Commission
McCain          Obama


            3                       100                              150

           2.4                       80                              120

           1.8                       60                                90
Millions




           1.2                       40                                60

           0.6                       20                                30

            0                         0                                 0
                 Facebook Friends         YouTube Video Views           Unique Website Visitors




                                                                Source: Facebook,YouTube, and Google Trends
Unique Website Visitors




                          Source: Google Trends
Money Raised



                                         PRIMARY     GENERAL


                                                        OBAMA


JANUARY                        JANUARY                                   JANUARY

‘07                            ‘08         CLINTON
                                                        McCAIN
                                                                         ‘09
          A




                                                                   EL
          N
          N




                                                                     EC
              O




                                                                        TI
               U
               N




                                                                           O
               C




                                                                           N
                   EM




                                                                               D
                                                                                AY
                    EN
                        T




                                                               Source: Stephen Geer
Money Raised



  McCain
$201 million




                              Obama
                            $656 million




    Note: Does not include federal funds


                                           Source: Federal Election Commission
Money Raised


                      Obama (Offline)
  McCain               $156 million
$201 million




               Obama (Online)
                $500 million


    Note: Does not include federal funds


                             Source: Washington Post and Federal Election Commission
Lessons Learned
Lesson #1:

Define success.
Chuck Kennedy-Pool/Getty Images
Lesson #1:

Define success.
Lesson #1:

Define        success   .
Lesson #1:

Define quantifiable success metrics.
Website




Email signup




Raise money
click thru
         rate

 Website

       sign up
         rate

Email signup

        $ per
      recipient

Raise money
click thru          # of clicks
         rate      =   # of impressions


 Website

       sign up          # of signups
         rate      =   # of pageviews


Email signup

        $ per          $ amount raised
      recipient    =    # of recipients

Raise money
click thru          # of clicks
         rate      =   # of impressions


 Website

       sign up          # of signups
         rate      =   # of pageviews


Email signup

        $ per          $ amount raised
      recipient    =    # of recipients

Raise money
Lesson #1:

Define quantifiable success metrics.
Lesson #2:

Question assumptions.
Media


Button
Splash page experiment
Variations:
    Button:              Media:

     1. Sign Up           1. Get Involved Image

     2. Learn More        2. Family Image

     3. Join Us Now       3. Change Image

     4. Sign Up Now       4. Barack’s Video

                          5. Springfield Video

                          6. Sam’s Video
Button: “Sign Up”
Button: “Learn More”
Button: “Join Us Now”
Button: “Sign Up Now”
Splash page experiment
Variations:
    Button:              Media:

     1. Sign Up           1. Get Involved Image

     2. Learn More        2. Family Image

     3. Join Us Now       3. Change Image

     4. Sign Up Now       4. Barack’s Video

                          5. Springfield Video

                          6. Sam’s Video
Media: “Get Involved”
Media: “Family”
Media: “Change”
Media: “Barack’s Video”
Media: “Springfield Video”
Media: “Sam’s Video”
Splash page experiment
Variations:
    Button:              Media:

     1. Sign Up           1. Get Involved Image

     2. Learn More        2. Family Image

     3. Join Us Now       3. Change Image

     4. Sign Up Now       4. Barack’s Video

                          5. Springfield Video

                          6. Sam’s Video
Splash page experiment
Variations:
    Button:              Media:

     1. Sign Up           1. Get Involved Image

     2. Learn More        2. Family Image

     3. Join Us Now       3. Change Image

     4. Sign Up Now       4. Barack’s Video

                          5. Springfield Video

                          6. Sam’s Video
Splash page experiment
Variations:
    Button:              Media:

     1. Sign Up           1. Get Involved Image

     2. Learn More        2. Family Image

     3. Join Us Now       3. Change Image

     4. Sign Up Now       4. Barack’s Video

                          5. Springfield Video

                          6. Sam’s Video
Splash page experiment results
Splash page experiment results
Splash page experiment results
Splash page experiment results

               Email
                            Volunteers   Amount Raised
            Subscriptions

Original:    7,120,000       712,000     $143,000,000


+40.6%       +2,880,000     +288,000     +$57,000,000


 New:        10,000,000     1,000,000    $200,000,000
Splash page experiment results

               Email
                            Volunteers   Amount Raised
            Subscriptions

Original:    7,120,000       712,000     $143,000,000


+40.6%       +2,880,000     +288,000     +$57,000,000


 New:        10,000,000     1,000,000    $200,000,000
Splash page experiment results

               Email
                            Volunteers   Amount Raised
            Subscriptions

Original:    7,120,000       712,000     $143,000,000


+40.6%       +2,880,000     +288,000     +$57,000,000


 New:        10,000,000     1,000,000    $200,000,000
Lesson #2:

Question assumptions.
Lesson #3:

Divide and conquer.
Donation button experiment

Variations
Donation button experiment results
                  Never       Signed Up,    Previously
Variations      Signed Up   Never Donated    Donated

                  0.0%          0.0%          0.0%

                  +2.3%        +27.8%        +16.3%

                 -27.8%         N/A           N/A

                 +15.2%        -24.6%        +11.9%

                  +8.5%        +2.9%         +18.4%
Lesson #3:

Divide and conquer.
Lesson #4:

Take advantage of circumstances.
Courtesy: Bradley Portnoy Taken: August 27th, 2008 9:42PM
Lesson #4:

Take advantage of circumstances.
Lesson #5:

Start today.
Timeline

1/17 evening: Approached by Clinton Foundation

1/18 evening: Experiment #1 (8 variations)

1/19 morning: Experiment #2 (8 variations)

1/19 evening: Experiment #3 (7 variations)

1/20 morning: Experiment #4 (2 variations)
#1: Original Page
#2: One column with image
#3: Two columns with image
#4: “Support Haiti” button
#5 Hide “verified by” icon
#6 Increase label font size
#7 Hide title & phone number fields
#8 Pre-select $250
Results
       Variation           $ per pageview   Improvement
        Original              $51.30           0.00%
One column with image         $50.63          -1.31%
Two columns with image        $55.42          +8.03%
“Support Haiti” button        $59.38         +15.75%
Hide “verified by” icon        $48.50          -5.44%
Increase label font size      $52.50          +2.35%
Hide title & phone fields      $56.92         +10.97%
    Pre-select $250             N/A            N/A
Impact

 Total improvement:


        +10.2%
 Total additional raised (1/20 - 2/23):


        $1,022,571
Demo
Lesson #5:

Start today.
Lessons Learned
1. Define quantifiable success metrics.
2. Question assumptions.
3. Divide and conquer.
4. Take advantage of circumstances.
5. Start today.
Email me:        Follow me:
dan@optimizely.com   @dsiroker
How We Used Data to Win the Presidential Election by Dan Siroker
How We Used Data to Win the Presidential Election by Dan Siroker

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How We Used Data to Win the Presidential Election by Dan Siroker

Editor's Notes

  1. Barack Obama came and spoke here at Google back in November 2007 and I was lucky enough to be attendance when he spoke. I want to share a few clips from that talk to help explain why I didn’t to quit my job here at Google and go work for the campaign.
  2. His last words are why I quit Went to Chicago and slept on the floor of the one person I knew in Chicago.
  3. Before I get into what we did at the campaign and the lessons we learned, let me give some context and explain how the campaign worked. Disclaimer: lots of other parts of the campaign used data, I’m going to focus on New Media
  4. Before I get into what we did at the campaign and the lessons we learned, let me give some context and explain how the campaign worked. Disclaimer: lots of other parts of the campaign used data, I’m going to focus on New Media
  5. Before I get into what we did at the campaign and the lessons we learned, let me give some context and explain how the campaign worked. Disclaimer: lots of other parts of the campaign used data, I’m going to focus on New Media
  6. Before I get into what we did at the campaign and the lessons we learned, let me give some context and explain how the campaign worked. Disclaimer: lots of other parts of the campaign used data, I’m going to focus on New Media
  7. I lead a team of six engineers and analysts. Not all are pictures here. All of the great things I’m going to talk about today were because of their hard work and determination.
  8. I’m going to first share some of the results from the campaign then explain how we achieved those results and the share the lessons learned along the way.
  9. Probably familiar with this
  10. Maybe weren’t aware of this: 913 total years of YouTube watching. 1382 years on our website. Total translate to over 2 millennia of time spent living and breathing Obama More than twice as many unique visitors came to barackobama.com than voted for John McCain
  11. All of this success would not have been possible without fundraising.
  12. Online includes some money raised in traditional fundraisers as well
  13. Now I’d like to share the top 5 lessons my team learned during the campaign. This is not a to do list of how to win an election, but rather a methodology to make data-driven decisions.
  14. This is how we defined success.
  15. The most important part of defining success is to...
  16. defining quantifiable success metrics to measure that success.
  17. Let me show you what that means with our last experiment
  18. Let me show you what that means with our last experiment
  19. Let me show you what that means with our last experiment
  20. Let me show you what that means with our last experiment Lot of firms focus on the first and last parts of this funnel
  21. So that’s lesson #1, now lesson #2
  22. Translates to over 4 million of the 13 million email subscribers we ended up with
  23. Translates to over 4 million of the 13 million email subscribers we ended up with
  24. So that’s lesson #2, now lesson #3
  25. This lesson is in and of itself a generalization but it also happens to be true.
  26. Here is another concrete example of the benefits of segmenting users into separate buckets and not over-generalizing.
  27. Campaign-value percent improvement: Net value per impression (after fulfillment cost) + subsequent value Had we picked one it would have been sub-optimal $3 million dollar improvement we would not have had otherwise
  28. This is true in many cases. Just because the last experiment worked doesn’t mean we have to show the splash page every time. Don’t show the splash page for repeat visits Email split tests based on previous highest contribution. So that’s lesson #3: never over-generalize.
  29. Bill Clinton speech You can rarely create special moments, you can only take advantage of them when they are given to you.
  30. September 2nd at Republican National Convention
  31. Made over 10 million dollars in less than 24 hours.