5. Cloud Computing defined
• “… a style of computing in which dynamically
scalable and often virtualized resources are
provided as a service over the Internet”
– Wikipedia
6. Cloud Computing defined
• “Clouds are hardware-based services offering
compute, network and storage capacity
where: Hardware management is highly
abstracted from the buyer, Buyers incur
infrastructure costs as variable OPEX, and
Infrastructure capacity is highly elastic”
– McKinsey & Co. Report: “Clearing the Air on
Cloud Computing”
7. Cloud Computing defined
• “Cloud computing has the following
characteristics:
1. The illusion of infinite computing resources…
2. The elimination of an up-front commitment by
Cloud users…
3. The ability to pay for use…as needed…”
– UCBerkeley RADLabs
8. Cloud Computing defined
• “... a pay-per-use model for enabling available,
convenient, on-demand network access to a
shared pool of configurable computing
resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage,
applications, services) that can be rapidly
provisioned and released with minimal
management effort or service provider
interaction.”
– National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST)
9. Cloud Computing defined
• “Clouds are a large pool of easily usable and
accessible virtualized resources (such as
hardware, development platforms and/or
services). These resources can be dynamically re-
configured to adjust to a variable load (scale),
allow-ing also for an optimum resource
utilization. This pool of resources is typically
exploited by a pay-per-use model in which
guarantees are offered by the Infrastructure
Provider by means of customized SLAs.”
– Paper by Vaquero et. al.: “A break in the clouds:
towards a cloud definition”
12. Common Ground?
• Pay-per-use (no commitment, utility prices)
• Elastic capacity - scale up/down on demand
• Self-service interface
• Resources are abstracted / virtualized
13. Types of Cloud
• Public Cloud
• Private Cloud
• Hybrid Cloud
14. Public vs. Private Cloud
Public Cloud Private Cloud
Variable expenses (OPEX) Capital expenses (CAPEX)
Less control More control
More locations Fewer locations
Less secure? More secure?
18. IaaS vendors
• Amazon Web Services
• Rackspace Cloud
• GoGrid
• Windows Azure? (*)
– VM Role
• Google Storage for Devs
• Open IaaS standards:
– OpenStack
– Ecalyptus
25. AWS Storage & Databases
• S3
– Simple Storage Service (like FTP)
– Static Web sites
– CDN via CloudFront
• SimpleDB
– NoSQL document database
• RDS
– Relational Database Service
– Managed MySQL database
• EMR
– Elastic Map/Reduce – Managed Hadoop
26. EC2 Instance Types
http://www.ec2instances.info/
Instance Name RAM Compute Units Storage Arch. I/O Linux Win.
(GB) (cores x units) (GB) (bits) cost, cost,
$/hour $/hour
Micro 0.6 2* EBS 32/64 Low 0.02 0.03
Small 1.7 1 (1x1) 160 32 Moderate 0.085 0.12
Large 7.5 4 (2x2) 850 64 High 0.34 0.48
Extra Large (XL) 15 8 (4x2) 1690 64 High 0.68 0.96
High-memory XL 17.1 6.5 (2x3.25) 420 64 Moderate 0.50 0.62
High-memory Double XL 34.2 13 (4x3.25) 850 64 High 1.00 1.24
High-memory Quad. XL 68.4 26 (8x3.25) 1690 64 High 2.00 2.48
High-CPU Medium 1.7 5 (2x2.5) 350 32 Moderate 0.17 0.29
High-CPU XL 7 20 (8x2.5) 1690 64 High 0.68 1.16
Cluster Comp. Quad. XL 23 33.5 1690 64 Very High 1.60 N/A
2 x Xeon X5570
Cluster GPU Quad. XL 22 33.5 1690 64 Very High 2.10 N/A
2 x Xeon X5570
27. EC2 Instances Pricing
On-demand (default) Most expensive
Reserved for 1 year Prepaid with per hour discount
Reserved for 3 years Prepaid with large per hour discount
Spot Cheap, but can be killed anytime
29. AWS Free tier
• Amazon offers new AWS customers with a bundle
of services free each month of their first year:
– 750 hours of EC2 running Linux Micro instance usage
– 750 hours of ELB plus 15 GM data processing
– 10 GB of Amazon EBS plus 1 million IOs, 1GB snapshot
storage, 10,000 snapshot Get Requests and 1,000
snapshot Put Requests
– 15 GB of bandwidth in and 15 GB of bandwidth out
aggregated across all AWS services
